The effectiveness of feedback in learning some basic volleyball skills
Keywords:
Feedback, Spiking Skill, Receiving Skill, VolleyballAbstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two types of feedback in learning the skills of receiving and spiking (both diagonal and straight) from position 4 in volleyball, and to determine the differences in post-test scores between the two study groups. The researcher used the experimental method, and the study sample was selected through purposive sampling, consisting of 20 players out of 30 from the Al-Madina Sports Club in Basrah, aged 14 to 15 years. The sample was randomly divided into two experimental groups, each containing 10 players. Immediate feedback was provided to the first group, while delayed feedback was applied to the second group. A receiving skill test was used to measure the ability to receive, and an accuracy test for diagonal and vertical spiking was used to assess the accuracy of spiking in both directions. Both groups (immediate feedback and delayed feedback) showed statistically significant differences in all the variables studied between the pre-test and post-test, with improvements favoring the post-test results (p < 0.01). The group receiving immediate feedback demonstrated greater improvements compared to the group that received delayed feedback (p < 0.01). This highlights the effectiveness of real-time correction and guidance in improving skill development, suggesting that immediate feedback may have a more direct impact on performance.
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References
Abdel Meguid, M. (2006). The foundations of scientific research for the preparation of the university thesis (1st ed.). Al-Warraq Foundation.
Ali, A. F. (2006). Feedback, its functions and use in learning motor skills. Iraqi Electronic Sports Academy.
Hadi, K. (2015). Field tests in the volleyball event (1st ed.). Dar Nippur for Printing and Publishing.
Shihab, G. S. (2014). The effect of competition exercises according to the actual performance time and specialization in developing some functional, physical, motor, and skill variables for volleyball players [Doctoral dissertation, University of Basrah, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Basrah, Iraq].
Taha, M. (2004). A comparative study of the effect of immediate and delayed feedback on improving performance on some volleyball skills [Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Jordan, College of Physical Education, Amman, Jordan].
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