Huellas del envejecimiento de la población en el sur de Brasil: dinámica demográfica y epidemiológica del Nuevo Milenio

Autores/as

  • Roberth Steven Gutiérrez Murillo European University of the Atlantic
  • Wendy Ledix University of São Paulo/USP, São Paulo, Brazil. Department of Preventive Medicin
  • James Berson Lalane University of São Paulo/USP, São Paulo, Brazil. Department of Preventive Medicine
  • Larissa Djanilda Parra da Luz Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health /FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Department of Public Health and Environment
  • Daiane Regina Pinto Federal University for Latin American Integration/UNILA, Paraná, Brazil. Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Center
  • Teresa Chang Chien Federal University for Latin American Integration/UNILA, Paraná, Brazil. Graduate Medical School. Latin American Institute of Life and Nature Sciences
  • José Alexsandro de Araújo Nascimento International Iberoamerican University/UNINI, Campeche, Mexico. Department of Gerontology

Palabras clave:

Epidemiología del Envejecimiento, Demografía, Salud del Adulto Mayor, Gestión de la Salud de la Población

Resumen

Objetivo: Este trabajo explora las implicaciones demográficas y epidemiológicas del envejecimiento de la población en el sur de Brasil a partir del año 2000.
Métodos: Estudio de series ecológicas de temporalidad retrospectiva, con enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo. Se tomaron como unidades de análisis los tres estados que componen la región sur de Brasil, a saber: Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Paraná (PR) y Santa Catarina (SC), así como sus correspondientes capitales (Porto Alegre, Curitiba y Florianópolis, respectivamente). Los datos sociodemográficos y territoriales se extrajeron de los institutos oficiales (a nivel estatal) y del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (a nivel nacional). Los datos se extrajeron del Sistema de Indicadores de Salud y Seguimiento de Políticas Públicas para la Tercera Edad, con el fin de trazar el perfil epidemiológico. A continuación, se agruparon los datos según el estado de origen y se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos simples, utilizando medidas de dispersión y diferenciación porcentual.
Resultados: La mayoría de los ancianos del sur de Brasil son mujeres, autodeclaradas blancas y con bajo nivel de escolaridad. La región pasó de una tasa de envejecimiento del 32,13% en 2000 al 52,82% en 2010, siendo Paraná el estado más poblado. Se observaron valores positivos en las dimensiones de fragilidad socioeconómica y social, así como en los aspectos contextuales y ambientales. A pesar de la disminución de las deficiencias cognitivas y de las dificultades en las AVD, las deficiencias visuales, auditivas y físicas están aumentando en proporciones preocupantes. Tanto en la morbilidad como en la mortalidad geriátrica, los valores más altos se concentran en las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio y respiratorio y en las neoplasias. Así, la región sigue los patrones nacionales e internacionales de morbimortalidad en la tercera edad.
Conclusiones: Se considera que las mejoras estructurales y organizativas de los sistemas y programas locales de salud pública han tenido un efecto positivo en la supervivencia de los ancianos del sur de Brasil. Junto a esto, la constante mejora y cualificación de los profesionales de la salud refuerzan las prácticas y la atención sanitaria a la población envejecida, reflejándose en los mejores índices de salud observados en este segmento poblacional.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Roberth Steven Gutiérrez Murillo, European University of the Atlantic

Licenciado en Salud Colectiva por la Universidad Federal de Integración Latinoamericana (UNILA). Máster por el Programa de Postgrado en Gerontología de la Universidad Europea del Atlántico (UNEATLANTICO/España). Especialista por el Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Salud Familiar (UNILA). Acreditación Internacional Nivel Básico en Atención a la Salud del Adulto Mayor por la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS, 2018).

Wendy Ledix, University of São Paulo/USP, São Paulo, Brazil. Department of Preventive Medicin

Sanitarista graduado pela Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA) (2019). Mestre em Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) (2021), com estágio docente concluído. Tem experiência em Vigilância Sanitária e Epidemiológica; Saúde mental e Estudos sobre migração, trabalho e saúde. Atua nas subáreas: promoção da saúde, prevenção de doenças e riscos ocupacionais. 

James Berson Lalane, University of São Paulo/USP, São Paulo, Brazil. Department of Preventive Medicine

Salubrist, Master and PhD candidate in Collective Health, researcher at the Observatory of Migration and Health. PhD student at the Graduate Program in Collective Health of the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo - FMUSP. Has experience in the area of Collective Health, with emphasis on the health of the migrant and refugee population.

Larissa Djanilda Parra da Luz, Sergio Arouca National School of Public Health /FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Department of Public Health and Environment

PhD student in Public Health and Environment at the National School of Public Health of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ENSP/FIOCRUZ), master's degree in Public Health in the Border Region from the State University of Western Paraná (UNIOESTE). She has a Multiprofessional Residency in Family Health and Bachelor in Collective Health from the Federal University of Latin American Integration (UNILA).

Daiane Regina Pinto, Federal University for Latin American Integration/UNILA, Paraná, Brazil. Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Center

Specialist in Family Health, by the Multiprofessional Residency Program in Family Health of the Federal University of Latin American Integration- UNILA of Foz do Iguaçu-PR. Graduated in Psychology by the Paranaense University - UNIPAR.

Teresa Chang Chien, Federal University for Latin American Integration/UNILA, Paraná, Brazil. Graduate Medical School. Latin American Institute of Life and Nature Sciences

Bachelor of Medicine by the Federal University for Latin American Integration/UNILA, Paraná, Brazil. 

José Alexsandro de Araújo Nascimento, International Iberoamerican University/UNINI, Campeche, Mexico. Department of Gerontology

He has a degree in Collective Health from the Federal University of Latin American Integration, a degree in Physiotherapy from the Instituto de Ensino Superior de Alagoas, a degree in Medicine from the Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, a specialization in Public Health with emphasis on PSF from the Centro de Ensino Superior Arcanjo Mikael de Arapiraca, a specialization in Multiprofessional Residency in Family Health from the Federal University of Latin American Integration, and a technical-professional course in Nursing Technician from the Professionalizing Education Center of Alagoas.

Citas

Vinovskis MA. The life table of Edward Wigglesworth. J. Econ. Hist.1971;31(1):570-590.

Covey HC. The definitions of the beginning of old age in history. Int’l. J. Aging and Human Development. 1992;34(4):325-337.

Thane P. Social histories of Old Age and Aging. J. Soc. Hist. 2003;37(1):93-111.

McHugh D, Gil J. Senescence and aging: causes, consequences, and therapeutic avenues. J. Cell. Biol. 2018;217(1):65-77.

Bakshi GS, Chen Z. Baby-Boom, population aging, and capital markets. J. Bus. 1994;67(2):165-202.

Jaul E, Barron J. Age-related diseases and clinical and public health implications for the 85 years old and over population. Public Health Front. 2017;5(335):1-7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00335

World Health Organization [Internet]. World report on ageing and health [cited 2022 Dec 15] http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/186463/9789240694811_eng.pdf

Braga FG, Matos RES. Is there depopulation in Brazil? Relationships between population demographic growth, aging, migration and competitive integration. Notas de Población. 2019;109:97-118.

Travassos GF, Coelho AB, Arends-Kuenning MP. The elderly in Brazil: demographic transition, profile, and socioeconomic condition. R. bras. Est. Pop. 2020;37(1):1-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0129

Brito F. Demographic transition and social inequities in Brazil. R. bras. Est. Pop. 2008;25(1):5-26.

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Brazil in figures 2016.

Alves JED. Population aging in Brazil and in the world: new UN projections. Revista Longeviver. 2019;1(3):5-9.

Alves JED. Demographic bonus in Brazil: from late birth to early death by Covid-19. R. bras. Est. Pop. 2020;37(1):1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20947/S0102-3098a0120

Barros, MBA, Goldbaum M. The challenges of aging in the context of social inequality. Rev Saúde Pública. 2018;52(Suppl.2):1-3. https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.201805200supl2ed

Sousa NFS, Medina LPB, Bastos TF, Monteiro CN, Lima MG et al. Social inequalities in the prevalence of indicators of active aging in the Brazilian population: National Health Survey, 2013. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019;22(Suppl.2):1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190013.supl.2

Hernández V. Ecological studies: types, design and interpretations. Enferm inflam instest dia. 2017;16(3):98-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eii.2017.03.001

Governo do Paraná. Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social [Internet]. Base de Dados do Estado [cited 2021 Dec 15]. http://www.ipardes.pr.gov.br/Pagina/BASE-DE-DADOS-DO-ESTADO

Governo do Rio Grande do Sul. Fundação de Economia e Estatística Siegfried Emanuel Heuser [Internet]. Perfil Socioeconômico do RS [cited 2021 Dec 15] https://arquivofee.rs.gov.br/perfil-socioeconomico/

Governo de Santa Catarina. Secretaria de Desenvolvimento Econômico Sustentável [Internet]. https://www.sde.sc.gov.br/ [cited 2021 Dec 15]

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Informação e Comunicação Cientícia e Tecnológica em Saúde. Sistema de Indicadores de saúde e Acompanhamento de Políticas Públicas do Idoso, Rio de Janeiro [Internet]. https://sisapidoso.icict.fiocruz.br/como-citar-o-sisap#:~:text=https%3A//sisapidoso.icict.fiocruz.br/ [cited 2021 Dec 20]

Skirbekk VF, Staudinger UM, Cohen JE. How to measure population aging? The answer is less than obvious: a review. Gerontology. 2019;65(1):136-144. https://doi.org/10.1159/000494025

Melo LA, Ferreira MLMB, Santos MM, Lima KC. Socioeconomic, regional and demographic factors related to population ageing. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. Gerontol. 2017;20(4):493-501.

Filho GM, Gargioni SL. Development of the Southern Brazil. National Bank for Economic and Social Development. 2014;12:309-325.

Mattei TF, Mattei TS. Methods of Regional Analysis: a study of location and specialization for the Southern Region of Brazil. Revista Paranaense de Desenvolvimento. 2017;38(133):227-243.

Marconato M, Brambilla MA, Rodrigues KCTT, Nascimento SP. Spatial analysis of the poverty rate and rural population in the southern region of the country. TEC: Textos de Economia. 2015;18(2):16-40. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8085.2015v18n2p16

Bianco TS, Lima JF, Morejon CFM. The regional sustainable index in Southern Brazil. Redes, 2016;21(2):8-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/redes.v21i2.6353

Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics [Internet]. Regional Division of Brazil into Immediate Geographic Regions and Intermediate Geographic Regions [cited 2021 Dec 20]. https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv100600.pdf

Closs VE, Schwanke CHA. Aging index development in Brazil, regions, and federative units from 1970 to 2010. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. Gerontol. 2015;15(3):443-458. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809-98232012000300006

Gottieb MGV, Schwanke CHA, Gomes I, Cruz IBM da. Longevity and aging in Rio Grande do Sul state: a hystorical, ethnic and morbi-mortality profile of elderly people. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. Gerontol. 2011;14(2):365-380.

Souza MS, Machado CV. Governance, intersectoriality and social participation in public policy: the National Council on the Rights of the Elderly. Ciên. Saúde Colet. 2018;23(10):3189-3200. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182310.14112018

Serra DC, Furtado EDP. The elderly in the EJA: a policy of inclusive education. Olhar de Professor, Ponta Grossa. 2016;19(2):149-161.

Lei no 10.741, de 1º de outubro de 2003 [Internet]. Provides on the Statute of the Elderly and makes other provisions [cited 2021 Dec 20]. http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/2003/l10.741.htm

Teguo MT, Simo-Tabue S, Stoykova R, Meillon C, Cogne M, et al. Feeling of loneliness and living alone as predictors of mortality in the elderly: the PAQUID Study. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2016;78(8):904-909. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000386

Swenor BK, Lee MJ, Varadaraj V, Whiston HE, Ramulu PY. Aging with vision loss: a framework for assessing the impact of visual impairment on older adults. The Gerontologist. 2020;60(6):989-995. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz117

World Health Organization [Internet]. World health statistics 2019: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals [cited 2021 Dec 20]. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/324835

Oliveira AS. Demographic and epidemiological transition and population aging in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Geografia Médica e da Saúde. 2019;15(31):69-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/Hygeia153248614

Santos MAS, Oliveira MM, Andrade SSCA, Nunes ML, Malta DC, et al. Non-communicable hospital morbidity trends in Brazil, 2002-2012. Epidemiol. Serv. Saúde. 2015;24(3):389-398.

Focchesatto A, Rockett FC, Perry IGS. Risk and protective factors for the development of chronic diseases in a rural elderly population in Rio Grande do Sul. Rev. Bras. Geriatr. Gerontol. 2015;18(4):779-795.

Podmelle RM, Zimmermann RD. Influential factors in the lifestyle and health of the Brazilian elderly: integrative review. Estud. Interdiscipl. Envelhec., Porto Alegre. 2018;23(1):103-123. https://doi.org/10.22456/2316-2171.74679

Marques LP, Confortin SC. Circulatory diseases: leading cause of hospitalization of elderlies in Brazil between 2003 and 2012. Revista Brasileira de Ciências da Saúde. 2015;19(2):83-90.

Grden CGR, Sousa JAV, Lenardt MH, Pesck RM, Seima MD, et at. Characterization of the elderly accident victims due to external causes. Cogitare Enfermagem. 2014;19(3):506-513.

Siqueira FV, Facchini LA, Silveira DA, Piccini RX, Tomasi E, et al. Prevalence of falls in the elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis. Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro. 2011;27(9):1819-1826. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2011000900015

Choi NG, Choi BY, DiNitto DM, Marti CN, Kunik ME. Fall-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations among community-dwelling older adults: examination of health problems and injury characteristics. BMC Geriatrics. 2019;19(303):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-019-1329-2

Li H, Ge J. Cardiovascular diseases in China: Current status and future perspectives. IJIC Heart & Vasculature. 2015;6(1):25-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcha.2014.10.002

Souza ACLG, Bortolotto CC, Bertoldi AD, Tomasi E, Demarco FF, et al. All-cause mortality over a three-year period among community-dwelling older adults in Southern Brazil. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2021;24(1):1-14.

Carioli G, Malvezzi M, Bertuccio P, Hashim D, Waxman S, et al. Cancer mortality in the elderly in 11 countries worldwide, 1970-2015. Annals of Oncology. 2019;30:1344-1355. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz178

Collaço PMC, Lima LE, Silva SCT. Incidence of neoplasms by sex, in Brazil, in 2018. Revista Saúde & Ciência Online. 2019;8(2):79-85.

Korzeniewski SJ, Bezold C, Carbone JT, Danagoulian S, Foster B, et al. The population health outcomes and information exchange (PHOENIX) Program - A transformative approach to reduce the burden of chronic disease. Online Journal of Public Health Informatics. 2020;12(1):1-24. 10.5210/ojphi.v12i1.10456

Moore M. Chronic crisis: Burden of chronic disease on preventable deaths. Australian Nursing and Midwifery Journal. 2018;25(11):18-23.

Government of Paraná. Secretariat of the State of Health of Paraná [Internet]. Health Guideline for the Elderly. Health Care Superintendency, Curitiba [cited 2021 Dec 20]. http://www.conims.com.br/arquivo_usu/documentos/alterados/sgsites-huner-20180205-103420.pdf

Government of Santa Catarina. Secretariat of the State of Health of Santa Catarina [Internet]. Comprehensive Healthcare Guideline for the Elderly. Planning and Management Superintendence, Florianópolis [cited 2021 Dec 20]. https://www.saude.sc.gov.br/index.php/documentos/legislacao-principal/anexos-de-deliberacoes-cib/anexos-deliberacoes-2018/14727-anexo-307-linha-de-cuidado-a-saude-do-idoso-em-sc/file

Descargas

Publicado

2022-03-06

Cómo citar

Gutiérrez Murillo, R. S., Ledix, W. ., Berson Lalane, J., Parra da Luz, L. D., Pinto, D. R., Chang Chien, T., & de Araújo Nascimento, J. A. . (2022). Huellas del envejecimiento de la población en el sur de Brasil: dinámica demográfica y epidemiológica del Nuevo Milenio . Atena Journal of Public Health, 4, 2. Recuperado a partir de https://atenajournals.com/index.php/ajph/article/view/49

Número

Sección

Articles